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News Topical, Digital Desk : Zero Sperm Count In Men: If you want to become a father and suddenly you find out that your sperm count has suddenly become zero. You might be thinking that this does not happen, but it does happen and it is called azoospermia. Azoospermia is a condition in which there are no sperms present in the semen of a man. It can be of two types: obstructive, in which the sperms are not able to reach the semen due to some obstruction, and non-obstructive, in which the problem is in the process of sperm formation itself. Let us tell you when this problem occurs and what is its treatment.
How common is this problem?
Now, the question arises as to how common this problem is. The answer is quite a lot. If approximately 10 percent of men struggle with infertility, then azoospermia is found in 1 percent of men overall.
What are the causes of azoospermia?
There are many reasons for this, including genetic conditions like Klinefelter syndrome, certain medical treatments like chemotherapy or radiation, and many others. The most obvious cause may be a vasectomy, which prevents sperm from mixing with other fluids. In many cases, the cause is not fully understood, such as pregnancy or poor testicular development during childhood.
How to deal with this problem
According to Hopkins Medicine, the first step is to consult a male infertility specialist. A repeat semen analysis is essential, especially at a lab that specializes in sperm testing, as reports can vary significantly from one site to another. It's also important to determine whether a small amount of sperm is present, as this can significantly alter the course of treatment. Previously, almost every azoospermic man underwent a biopsy to determine whether the problem was obstructive or non-obstructive. However, biopsy alone is no longer commonly performed, as in most cases, a blockage or no sperm production can be determined without a biopsy.
Testicular dissection reveals that sperm production can vary in different parts of the testis. Some may produce fewer sperm, some may have stunted maturation, and some may lack sperm-producing cells altogether. Therefore, a diagnostic biopsy alone often doesn't change the treatment.
How is treatment decided?
This depends entirely on the patient. Many factors, including the partner's age, both partners' fertility status, medical reports, family plans, and financial circumstances, determine treatment.
For some, removing the obstruction, such as vasectomy reversal, for others, quitting harmful medications or drugs, for others, correcting hormonal problems, and for others, varicocele surgery, may be helpful. For many men, ART, which directly extracts sperm from the testicles, is the best option.
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