Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. While it can occur at any age, studies show that the risk significantly increases as women enter their 30s and 40s, with the highest cases reported in those over 40 and 50 years old.

Understanding the causes and prevention methods is crucial for early detection and reducing the risk. Let’s take a closer look at what leads to cervical cancer and how women can protect themselves.

At What Age Does Cervical Cancer Risk Increase?

• Cervical cancer is rare in women under 25 but begins to increase in the 30s and 40s.
• The highest risk is seen in women between 40 and 50 years old.
• While the risk declines after menopause, women over 65 can still develop cervical cancer if they have not undergone regular screenings.

Causes of Cervical Cancer

The primary cause of cervical cancer is the Human Papillomavirus (HPV), but other factors can also contribute to the disease.

1. HPV Infection (Human Papillomavirus)

• HPV is responsible for 99% of cervical cancer cases.
• It is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that can remain dormant for years.
• Not all HPV infections lead to cancer, but certain high-risk strains increase the chances.

2. Weakened Immune System

• Women with weakened immunity (due to HIV, organ transplants, or prolonged illnesses) are more vulnerable.
• A weak immune system cannot fight HPV infections effectively, increasing the risk of cancer.

3. Smoking

• Smoking doubles the risk of cervical cancer.
• Harmful chemicals in cigarettes damage cervical cells, making them more susceptible to HPV infections.

4. Multiple Pregnancies

• Women who have had multiple full-term pregnancies (especially at a young age) face a slightly higher risk.
• Hormonal changes and a weakened immune response during pregnancy may contribute to this.

5. Long-Term Use of Birth Control Pills

• Studies suggest that using oral contraceptives for more than five years may slightly increase cervical cancer risk.
• However, the risk decreases after stopping the pills.

6. Lack of Regular Screenings

• Pap smears and HPV tests help detect abnormal cell changes before they turn cancerous.
• Women who do not undergo regular screenings are at a higher risk.