Why does your stomach get upset after a course of antibiotics? Doctor explains the reasons and how to prevent it.

News Topical, Digital Desk : Antibiotics have saved countless lives by fighting bacterial infections, but their use can sometimes cause problems for our bodies, especially our gut health.

upset stomach balance

The biggest effect of antibiotics is 'dysbiosis', which means an imbalance in gut bacteria.

• The dangers of broad-spectrum antibiotics: Antibiotics that kill many types of bacteria are the most harmful. They can eliminate entire populations of good bacteria in the gut, reducing their diversity.
• Rapid effects: These changes occur very quickly, often within a few days of starting treatment.
• Long-term effects: Some antibiotics, such as clindamycin, can cause long-lasting changes in gut bacteria, allowing resistant bacteria to thrive.

Diarrhea and digestive problems

A very common side effect of antibiotics is 'antibiotic-associated diarrhea'.

How common is it?

One in five people taking antibiotics may experience this problem.

Why does it happen?

The loss of good bacteria leads to impaired digestion and harmful bacteria like Clostridium difficile start producing toxins.

• Symptoms: Abdominal cramps, nausea, gas, and diarrhea. This occurs because fiber is not digested properly and the intestinal water absorption is altered.
• Serious cases: If left untreated, it can lead to serious illnesses like colitis or irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) .

Long-term threats

Antibiotics can have long-term effects, not just immediate problems:

• Antibiotic resistance: Repeated antibiotic use can lead to the growth of bacteria in the gut that are resistant to the drugs. This can make future infections more difficult to treat.
• Effects on metabolism: Changes in the microbiome can affect nutrient absorption and the immune system.
• Effects on children: Children are most vulnerable. Antibiotic use during childhood can affect their gut health throughout their lives, which may be linked to problems like allergies or obesity.

How to improve gut health?

The good news is that our stomachs are quite resilient and can heal over time, although it may take weeks or months. You can take the following steps to aid recovery:

• Right diet: Eat foods rich in 'prebiotic' fibre, such as garlic, onions and bananas.
• Fermented foods: Eat fermented foods like yogurt or kimchi, which provide probiotics to the body.
• Supplements: Probiotic supplements can help restore good bacteria in the gut. Remember, they should be taken after completing your antibiotic course to avoid reducing the effectiveness of the medication.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of water and keep the body hydrated.
• Caution: Do not take antibiotics for viral illnesses (such as the common cold). Use them only when absolutely necessary.

Antibiotics are necessary, but they have a profound impact on our gut health. It's wise to use them judiciously.

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