Hidden Cancer Risks: Cancer risk isn't just from cigarettes and alcohol; these 5 small habits can also be responsible; learn from experts.

News Topical, Digital Desk : When we think of cancer, the first things that come to mind are big and scary risks. Those that carry clear warnings, but experts say this isn't the full picture. According to medical oncologist Dr. Rajiv Vijaykumar, cancer risk often builds gradually, through small everyday habits and exposures that we rarely pay attention to. A little pollution, not wearing sunscreen, lack of sleep, eating too much processed food—these don't seem serious at the time, so they go unnoticed.

Micro-exposures are less discussed

Doctors say these "micro-exposures" are rarely discussed in general conversations about cancer. They aren't visible enough to cause alarm, but they are present daily and accumulate over time. For example, PM2.5, a tiny particle emitted by air pollution, vehicle exhaust, construction dust, and fuel combustion, can reach deep into the lungs. Long-term exposure to these particles, even in non-smokers, has been linked to an increased risk of lung cancer. A single day's effect may seem small, but it accumulates over years.

So does ultraviolet light. People are alarmed when they get sunburned from intense sunlight at the beach, but everyday mild sun exposure from commuting to work, riding a bike, and outdoor exercise often goes unnoticed. Continued mild UV damage can trigger DNA mutations in skin cells.

Our lifestyle also has an impact

Processed meats, excessive alcohol, chronically high sugar intake, and the associated obesity don't have an overnight effect, but inflammation, insulin resistance, and hormonal changes create an environment where abnormal cells can thrive. Disruptions to sleep and circadian rhythms are also a topic of research. Night shifts, poor sleep, and irregular routines can affect melatonin and metabolism, which have been linked to the risk of certain cancers.

How can we protect ourselves?

Not every exposure leads to disease, as the body has robust defenses like DNA repair and the immune system. But when small exposures add up layer by layer, they become significant. Regular sunscreen use, improved home ventilation, reducing processed meats, limiting alcohol, getting enough sleep, and avoiding prolonged sitting can reduce risk over time. Cancer is often shaped not by a single big decision, but by years of habits. Therefore, small but consistent choices can make a big difference in the long run.

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