Freedom, equality and respect... what are the lines of the Constitution and the fundamental duties of citizens?

News Topical, Digital Desk : The country is celebrating its 77th Republic Day today, January 26, 2026. To establish an independent republic and establish the rule of law, the Indian Constitution was adopted on November 26, 1949, and implemented on January 26, 1950. This Constitution granted citizens their rights.

Here, we will discuss the Constitution's powerful lines and fundamental duties. The Fundamental Duties have also completed 50 years. In 1976, 11 fundamental duties were added to the Indian Constitution, guiding principles of the nation's unity, integrity, and responsibilities.

obligations set out in the Constitution

1. Abide by the Constitution – Every citizen must abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals, institutions, national flag and national anthem.
2. Ideals of the freedom struggle – Cherish the high ideals that inspired the freedom movement and follow them.
3. Sovereignty and Integrity – To protect and preserve the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
4. Defence of the country – Defend the country and defend the nation when called upon to do so.
5. Fraternity and Harmony – Cultivate a sense of equality and brotherhood that transcends distinctions such as religion, language, region, or class. Abandon practices that are detrimental to the dignity of women.
6. Cultural Heritage – Understand and preserve the importance of the glorious tradition of composite culture.
7. Environmental Protection - Protect the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife. Cultivate them and be kind to all living creatures.
8. Scientific outlook- Develop scientific outlook, humanism and spirit of reform along with acquiring knowledge.
9. Public Property – Protect public property and refrain from violence.
10. Individual and Collective Excellence – Continuously strive towards excellence in all spheres, so that the nation can constantly scale new heights of endeavour and achievement.
11. Educational opportunity – To provide educational opportunity to his/her child or dependents between the age of 6 to 14 years.

Powerful lines from the Constitution

• The State shall ensure to all citizens freedom of thought, expression, religion, belief and worship.
• The State shall not discriminate against any citizen on grounds of religion, caste, sex or place of birth.
• Untouchability is abolished and any form of it will be a punishable offence.
• The State shall endeavour to provide equal pay for equal work to men and women.
• Children will be protected from exploitation and will have the right to a dignified life.
• The State shall protect the educational and economic interests of the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and the weaker sections.
• All citizens will have the duty to develop a scientific temper, humanism and a spirit of reform.
• All men will have the duty to protect the unity and integrity of the country.
• The State shall strive to raise the standard of living of the people and improve public health.
• All persons are equal before the law and shall enjoy equal protection of the law.

Read More: A parade of 3,000 soldiers, 1,500 spectators, and a 31-gun salute at the Major Dhyan Chand Stadium; how was India's first Republic Day celebrated?